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-rw-r--r--exercises/092_interfaces.zig88
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+//
+// Remeber excerice xx with tagged unions. That was a lot more better
+// but it's can bee perfect.
+//
+// With tagged unions, it gets EVEN BETTER! If you don't have a
+// need for a separate enum, you can define an inferred enum with
+// your union all in one place. Just use the 'enum' keyword in
+// place of the tag type:
+//
+// const Foo = union(enum) {
+// small: u8,
+// medium: u32,
+// large: u64,
+// };
+//
+// Let's convert Insect. Doctor Zoraptera has already deleted the
+// explicit InsectStat enum for you!
+//
+const std = @import("std");
+
+const Ant = struct {
+ still_alive: bool,
+
+ pub fn print(self: Ant) void {
+ std.debug.print("Ant is {s}.\n", .{if (self.still_alive) "alive" else "death"});
+ }
+};
+
+const Bee = struct {
+ flowers_visited: u16,
+
+ pub fn print(self: Bee) void {
+ std.debug.print("Bee visited {} flowers.\n", .{self.flowers_visited});
+ }
+};
+
+const Grasshopper = struct {
+ distance_hopped: u16,
+
+ pub fn print(self: Grasshopper) void {
+ std.debug.print("Grasshopper hopped {} m.\n", .{self.distance_hopped});
+ }
+};
+
+const Insect = union(enum) {
+ ant: Ant,
+ bee: Bee,
+ grasshopper: Grasshopper,
+
+ pub fn print(self: Insect) void {
+ switch (self) {
+ inline else => |case| return case.print(),
+ }
+ }
+};
+
+pub fn main() !void {
+ var my_insects = [_]Insect{ Insect{
+ .ant = Ant{ .still_alive = true },
+ }, Insect{
+ .bee = Bee{ .flowers_visited = 17 },
+ }, Insect{
+ .grasshopper = Grasshopper{ .distance_hopped = 32 },
+ } };
+
+ try dailyReport(&my_insects);
+}
+
+fn dailyReport(insectReport: []Insect) !void {
+ std.debug.print("Daily insect report:\n", .{});
+ for (insectReport) |insect| {
+ insect.print();
+ }
+}
+
+// Inferred enums are neat, representing the tip of the iceberg
+// in the relationship between enums and unions. You can actually
+// coerce a union TO an enum (which gives you the active field
+// from the union as an enum). What's even wilder is that you can
+// coerce an enum to a union! But don't get too excited, that
+// only works when the union type is one of those weird zero-bit
+// types like void!
+//
+// Tagged unions, as with most ideas in computer science, have a
+// long history going back to the 1960s. However, they're only
+// recently becoming mainstream, particularly in system-level
+// programming languages. You might have also seen them called
+// "variants", "sum types", or even "enums"!