feat: impl day 8

3 files changed, 163 insertions, 1 deletions

diff --git a/src/day_08.rs b/src/day_08.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..167d951
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/day_08.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+
+use anyhow::Context;
+
+use crate::{Problem, Solution};
+
+pub struct Day08;
+
+impl Problem for Day08 {
+    const DAY: u8 = 8;
+
+    const INPUT: &'static str = include_str!("../input/day_08.txt");
+}
+
+impl Solution for Day08 {
+    type Answer1 = usize;
+
+    type Answer2 = usize;
+
+    fn part_1(input: &str) -> anyhow::Result<Self::Answer1> {
+        let (mut instructions, nodes) = parse_input(input)?;
+        let mut step = 0;
+        let mut node = "AAA";
+        while node != "ZZZ" {
+            step += 1;
+            let (left, right) = nodes
+                .get(node)
+                .with_context(|| format!("No node found: {node}"))?;
+            node = match instructions.next() {
+                Some('L') => left,
+                Some('R') => right,
+                Some(c) => anyhow::bail!("Invalid instruction found: {c}"),
+                None => anyhow::bail!("Failed to get next instruction (this should not happen)"),
+            }
+        }
+
+        Ok(step)
+    }
+
+    /// Calculate the least common multiple of each ghost's step count
+    fn part_2(input: &str) -> anyhow::Result<Self::Answer2> {
+        let (mut instructions, nodes) = parse_input(input)?;
+
+        nodes
+            .keys()
+            .filter(|s| s.ends_with('A'))
+            .map(|mut node| {
+                let mut step = 0;
+                while !node.ends_with('Z') {
+                    step += 1;
+                    let (left, right) = nodes.get(node).expect("Invalid node");
+                    node = match instructions.next() {
+                        Some('L') => left,
+                        Some('R') => right,
+                        Some(c) => panic!("Invalid instruction found: {c}"),
+                        None => {
+                            panic!("Failed to get next instruction (this should not happen)")
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                step
+            })
+            .reduce(lcd)
+            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("Failed to find any ghosts"))
+    }
+}
+
+fn parse_input(
+    input: &str,
+) -> anyhow::Result<(impl Iterator<Item = char> + '_, HashMap<&str, (&str, &str)>)> {
+    let (instructions, rest) = input
+        .trim()
+        .split_once("\n\n")
+        .context("Invalid input format")?;
+
+    let nodes = rest
+        .trim()
+        .lines()
+        .map(|l| {
+            let (name, paths) = l
+                .split_once(" = ")
+                .with_context(|| format!("Invalid node format: {l}"))?;
+
+            let paths = paths
+                .trim_matches(['(', ')'].as_slice())
+                .split_once(", ")
+                .with_context(|| format!("Invalid node format: {l}"))?;
+
+            anyhow::Ok((name, paths))
+        })
+        .try_collect::<HashMap<_, _>>()?;
+
+    Ok((instructions.trim().chars().cycle(), nodes))
+}
+
+fn lcd(n: usize, m: usize) -> usize {
+    n * (m / gcd(n, m))
+}
+
+/// Greatest common divisor using [Stein's algorithm]
+///
+/// [Stein's algorithm]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_GCD_algorithm
+fn gcd(mut n: usize, mut m: usize) -> usize {
+    if m == 0 || n == 0 {
+        return m | n;
+    }
+
+    // get common factor of 2
+    let shift = (m | n).trailing_zeros();
+
+    // shift n and m until odd
+    m >>= m.trailing_zeros();
+    n >>= n.trailing_zeros();
+
+    // reduce greater value until equal
+    while m != n {
+        if n < m {
+            core::mem::swap(&mut n, &mut m);
+        }
+        n -= m;
+        n >>= n.trailing_zeros();
+    }
+    m << shift
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_part_1() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        const INPUT: &str = indoc::indoc! {"
+            LLR
+
+            AAA = (BBB, BBB)
+            BBB = (AAA, ZZZ)
+            ZZZ = (ZZZ, ZZZ)
+        "};
+
+        Ok(assert_eq!(6, Day08::part_1(INPUT)?))
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_part_2() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        const INPUT: &str = indoc::indoc! {"
+            LR
+
+            11A = (11B, XXX)
+            11B = (XXX, 11Z)
+            11Z = (11B, XXX)
+            22A = (22B, XXX)
+            22B = (22C, 22C)
+            22C = (22Z, 22Z)
+            22Z = (22B, 22B)
+            XXX = (XXX, XXX)
+        "};
+
+        Ok(assert_eq!(6, Day08::part_2(INPUT)?))
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/lib.rs b/src/lib.rs
index 6564671..7004331 100644
--- a/src/lib.rs
+++ b/src/lib.rs
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ pub mod day_04;
 pub mod day_05;
 pub mod day_06;
 pub mod day_07;
+pub mod day_08;
 
 pub trait Problem {
     const DAY: u8;
diff --git a/src/main.rs b/src/main.rs
index e113a75..52da9eb 100644
--- a/src/main.rs
+++ b/src/main.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 use aoc_2023::{
     day_01::Day01, day_02::Day02, day_03::Day03, day_04::Day04, day_05::Day05, day_06::Day06,
-    day_07::Day07, Solution,
+    day_07::Day07, day_08::Day08, Solution,
 };
 
 fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
     Day05::solve()?;
     Day06::solve()?;
     Day07::solve()?;
+    Day08::solve()?;
 
     Ok(())
 }