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authorChris Boesch <chrboesch@noreply.codeberg.org>2024-03-28 20:42:35 +0000
committerChris Boesch <chrboesch@noreply.codeberg.org>2024-03-28 20:42:35 +0000
commite06cdc0b70778765edc4804457812552e71d38cd (patch)
tree0baf6477de6a26197602f1474fe810e653697fef /exercises/106_files.zig
parent86ac326885888c992aa206051220878c4a34579b (diff)
parent20919722ff6dc43a6b22ed58282acd1168a4ec6c (diff)
Merge branch 'main' into i69
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+//
+// Until now, we've only been printing our output in the console,
+// which is good enough for fighting alien and hermit bookkeeping.
+//
+// However, many other task require some interaction with the file system,
+// which is the underlying structure for organizing files on your computer.
+//
+// The File System provide a hierarchical structure for storing files
+// by organizing files into directories, which hold files and other directories,
+// thus creating a tree structure for navigating.
+//
+// Fortunately, zig standard library provide a simple api for interacting
+// with the file system, see the detail documentation here
+//
+// https://ziglang.org/documentation/master/std/#std.fs
+//
+// In this exercise, we'll try to
+// - create a new directory
+// - open a file in the directory
+// - write to the file.
+//
+// import std as always
+const std = @import("std");
+
+pub fn main() !void {
+ // first we get the current working directory
+ const cwd: std.fs.Dir = std.fs.cwd();
+
+ // then we'll try to make a new directory /output/
+ // to put our output files.
+ cwd.makeDir("output") catch |e| switch (e) {
+ // there are chance you might want to run this
+ // program more than once and the path might already
+ // been created, so we'll have to handle this error
+ // by doing nothing
+ //
+ // we want to catch error.PathAlreadyExists and do nothing
+ ??? => {},
+ // if is any other unexpected error we just propagate it through
+ else => return e,
+ };
+
+ // then we'll try to open our freshly created directory
+ // wait a minute
+ // opening a directory might fail!
+ // what should we do here?
+ var output_dir: std.fs.Dir = cwd.openDir("output", .{});
+ defer output_dir.close();
+
+ // we try to open the file `zigling.txt`,
+ // and propagate the error up if there are any errors
+ const file: std.fs.File = try output_dir.createFile("zigling.txt", .{});
+ // it is a good habit to close a file after you are done with
+ // so that other program can read it and prevent data corruption
+ // but here we are not yet done writing to the file
+ // if only there are a keyword in zig that
+ // allow you "defer" code execute to the end of scope...
+ file.close();
+
+ // !you are not allow to switch this two lines to before file closing line!
+ const byte_written = try file.write("It's zigling time!");
+ std.debug.print("Successfully wrote {d} bytes.\n", .{byte_written});
+}
+// to check if you actually write to the file, you can either,
+// 1. open the file on your text editor, or
+// 2. print the content of the file in the console with command
+// >> cat ./output/zigling.txt
+//
+//
+// More on Creating files
+//
+// notice in:
+// ... try output_dir.createFile("zigling.txt", .{});
+// ^^^
+// we passed this anonymous struct to the function call
+//
+// this is the struct `CreateFlag` with default fields
+// {
+// read: bool = false,
+// truncate: bool = true,
+// exclusive: bool = false,
+// lock: Lock = .none,
+// lock_nonblocking: bool = false,
+// mode: Mode = default_mode
+// }
+//
+// Question:
+// - what should you do if you want to also read the file after opening it?
+// - go to documentation of the struct `std.fs.Dir` here
+// https://ziglang.org/documentation/master/std/#std.fs.Dir
+// - can you find a function for opening a file? how about deleting a file?
+// - what kind of option can you uses with those function?